# The Rise of Hindu Rock-Cut Architecture: Temples Carved in Stone While the earliest rock-cut architecture in India was predominantly Buddhist, the 5th century CE saw the rise of Hindu rock-cut architecture. This period was marked by the creation of a number of magnificent cave temples dedicated to Hindu gods and goddesses. ### The Badami Cave Temples: A Chalukyan Masterpiece One of the most prominent examples of Hindu rock-cut architecture is the **[[Badami Cave Temples]]** in [[Karnataka]]. These temples, which were carved out of the sides of cliffs in the 6th century CE, are a testament to the skill and artistry of the early [[Chalukya]] dynasty. There are four cave temples at Badami, three of which are Hindu and one of which is Jain. The Hindu temples are dedicated to [[Shiva]] and [[Vishnu]], and they contain a wealth of carved architectural elements, such as decorative pillars and brackets, as well as finely carved sculpture and richly etched ceiling panels. ### The Elephanta Caves: A Tribute to Shiva Another important example of Hindu rock-cut architecture is the **[[Elephanta Caves]]**, located on an island off the coast of Mumbai. These caves, which were created in the 6th century CE, are dedicated to the Hindu god [[Shiva]]. The most impressive feature of the Elephanta Caves is the massive three-headed statue of Shiva, which represents his three aspects: creator, preserver, and destroyer. ### The Kailash Temple at Ellora: A Monolithic Marvel The pinnacle of Hindu rock-cut architecture is the **[[Kailash Temple]]** at [[Ellora]]. This temple, which was carved out of a single rock in the 8th century CE, is a monolithic marvel of engineering and artistry. It is dedicated to [[Shiva]] and is adorned with a profusion of sculptures depicting scenes from Hindu mythology. ### The Legacy of Hindu Rock-Cut Architecture The rise of Hindu rock-cut architecture marked a significant development in the history of Indian art and architecture. These magnificent cave temples, with their intricate carvings and powerful sculptures, are a testament to the enduring power of the Hindu faith and the skill and artistry of the artisans who created them.