# Site Analysis ## Overview **Site Analysis** is the preliminary phase of architectural, landscape, and urban design processes dedicated to the study of the climatic, geographical, historical, legal, and infrastructural context of a specific site. It is the practice of "listening to the land" before imposing a building upon it. ## Key Components of Site Analysis ### 1. Physical Attributes - **[[Topography]]:** Studying the slope, contours, and elevation. This informs drainage, foundation design, and accessibility. - **Hydrology:** Understanding water flow, water tables, and flood risks. - **Geology:** Soil types and bearing capacity, which dictate the type of foundations required. ### 2. Biological Attributes - **[[Vegetation]]:** Identifying existing trees and plants. Which should be preserved? Which are invasive? - **Wildlife:** Understanding local fauna and habitats to minimize disruption. ### 3. Climatic Attributes (Microclimate) - **[[Sun Path]]:** Analyzing solar angles throughout the year to maximize passive solar gain and natural light. - **[[Wind Direction]]:** Identifying prevailing winds for natural ventilation or protection. - **[[Rainfall]]:** Understanding precipitation patterns for roof design and rainwater harvesting. ### 4. Cultural and Sensory Attributes - **[[Genius Loci]]:** The "spirit of the place"—the intangible atmosphere. - **[[Views]]:** Identifying key vistas to frame or unsightly elements to screen. - **[[Noise Sources]]:** Mapping noise pollution from roads or neighbors. ### 5. Regulatory Context - **[[Zoning Laws]]:** Understanding permissible uses, setbacks, height limits, and lot coverage. - **[[Building Codes]]:** Safety and accessibility requirements. ## Output The result of a site analysis is typically a set of diagrams and a report that synthesize these factors into a set of "design drivers" or constraints. This ensures the resulting architecture is rooted in its specific place. ## See Also - [[Pre-Design Phase]] - [[Sustainable Architecture]] - [[Building Orientation]]